No. 1688, Gaoke East Road, Pudong new district, Shanghai, China.
No. 1688, Gaoke East Road, Pudong new district, Shanghai, China.
Phosphogypsum is a long word for a big problem. Thirty years ago, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency determined that while this radioactive, contaminated substance had the qualities of a ...
Phosphogypsum, a solid waste byproduct from processing phosphate ore to make chemical fertilizer, contains radium, which decays to form radon gas. Both radium and radon are radioactive and can cause cancer. Phosphogypsum may also contain toxic heavy metals and other carcinogens, such as arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury and nickel.
The EPA then created a committee to assess whether phosphogypsum and process wastewater could be regulated under the Toxic Substances Control Act, which regulates chemicals produced or imported into the U.S., but the committee was unable to identify any suitable changes that could sufficiently reduce the volume or toxicity of phosphogypsum or ...
Phosphogypsum stacks additionally contain low-pH process water and heavy metals as a result of the wet acid fertilizer production process. The regulations at 40 CFR 61 Subpart R require phosphogypsum to be managed in stacks to limit public exposure from emissions of radon. (Stacking was the predominant method of phosphogypsum management …
Phosphogypsum (PG) occupies a large amount of land due to its large annual production and low utilization rate, and at the same time causes serious environmental problems due to toxic impurities. PG is used for mine backfill, and industrial solid waste is a curing agent for PG, which can save the filling cost and reduce environmental pollution. In this paper, PG was …
In 1989, stacking of phosphogypsum became a legal necessity when the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) banned the use of phosphogypsum. In 1992, this rule was modified to allow the use of phosphogypsum with an average radium-226 concentration of less than 10 picocuries/gram (pCi/g) for agricultural application as a soil amendment.
The radium contained within phosphogypsum is of concern because it decays to form radon, a radioactive gas that can cause lung cancer. Radon occurs naturally in soils and …
Side view of phosphogypsum stack. Phosphate production generates huge amounts of phosphogypsum wastes, nearly 48 million MTs in 1988 alone. Industry estimates that 5.2 tons of phosphogypsum is produced for every ton of phosphoric acid. Phosphogypsum has little market value and is transferred as a slurry to waste piles called phosphogypsum stacks.
Phosphogypsum (PG) is a waste product of phosphate fertilizer and phosphoric acid industries. Vast quantities of the waste product are generally left stockpiled on the ground or discharged into rivers or ponds, and pose serious environmental concerns. ... S. M. S. Shaikh, and M. S. Kumar. 2018. "Fly ash toxicity, emerging issues and possible ...
Request PDF | Harmless treatment technology of phosphogypsum: Directional stabilization of toxic and harmful substances | Phosphogypsum is one of the typical by-products of phosphorus chemical ...
PG disposal may present a risk of contamination of surrounding environment. PG matrix can be used in several applications to reduce its disposal. Policies and environmental …
Phosphogypsum is radioactive, releasing cancer-causing radon gas. It can also containother carcinogens and toxic heavy metals and emits very high levels of two kinds of radiation — gross alpha and beta radiation — compared to levels in most soils. ... These toxic bits of matter can also get into the air — where people and animals can ...
Today, there's little possibility of eliminating these toxic mountains run by Mosaic or anyone else. One idea Mosaic supports involves road construction. Last fall, the Environmental Protection Agency approved the use of the byproduct called phosphogypsum for road base. But that idea is the subject of a lawsuit from a coalition of environmental ...
In addition to risks of phosphogypsum pollution, the Tampa Bay area faces dangers if flooding from Hurricane Milton impacts local power plants with coal ash ponds, which can release toxic substances such as arsenic and lead into drinking water if they overflow, as well as Superfund sites, according to a statement from the Environment America ...
"Using radioactive phosphogypsum in roads is not a solution to the fertilizer industry's toxic waste problem," the Center for Biological Diversity and more than 30 other groups said in a letter to ...
the Toxic Substances Control Act because they pose a substantial hazard and unreasonable risk of injury to human health and the environment. WHAT IS PHOSPHOGYPSUM? Phosphogypsum is the radioactive waste from processing phosphate ore into phosphoric acid which is predominantly used in fertilizer. In addition to radioactive materials, phosphogypsum
Phosphogypsum is the material left behind when Mosaic mines phosphate ore across Central Florida's Bone Valley and turns ... "The phosphate industry's desire to make money off its toxic ...
Phosphogypsum is transported in pipes as slurry and is very watery when it is first put on the stack. As the phosphogypsum dries out, a crust forms on the stack. The crust thickens over time, reducing the amount of radon that can escape and helping keep the waste from blowing in the wind. Some of the water can leak out the bottom and pollute ...
In the present study, we revealed a systematic leaching mechanism of potential toxic elements in PG and have provided guidance and a reference for PG resource …
Environmental impact and management of phosphogypsum. Hanan Tayibi, ... Aurora López-Delgado, in Journal of Environmental Management, 2009. Phosphogypsum (PG) is a waste by-product from the processing of phosphate rock by the "wet acid method" of fertiliser production, which currently accounts for over 90% of phosphoric acid production. World PG production is …
Phosphogypsum Reclamation Toxic elements Waste Introduction More than 4.4 million hectares of unused arable land must be put into agricultural turnover in 2021 in Russia, according to the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia. In addition, it is necessary to carry out massive
Phosphogypsum is an almost unused by-product of phosphate fertilizer production, which includes several valuable components—calcium sulphates and rare-earth elements such as silicon, iron, titanium, magnesium, aluminum, and manganese, as well as toxic elements such as heavy metals and others.
Most of the scenarios of use fell within EPA acceptable risk limits. The scenarios upon which the EPA banned widespread phosphogypsum use concerned using it in road construction and …
The title image shows what the Phosphogypsum stacks at Piney Point look like, filled with what's known as process water. The stack rises 70+ feet above the surrounding area; the pond is about 20 ...
There, a pool that initially held more than 400 million gallons of wastewater, with traces of heavy metals and other toxic substances, sits atop a pile of phosphogypsum tailings at least 70 feet tall.
Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis has approved a plan to use phosphogypsum, a radioactive waste material, in "demonstration projects." Here, signs block a roadway in Boca Raton during a construction...
WHAT IS PHOSPHOGYPSUM? Phosphogypsum is the radioactive waste from processing phosphate ore into phosphoric acid which is predominantly used in fertilizer. In addition to …
In general, phosphogypsum contains approximately 80%–95% calcium sulfate dihydrate, and less than 5% toxic and harmful elements. In this paper, toxic and hazardous components in phosphogypsum were efficiently solidified and stabilized by highly targeted solidification and stabilization technology.
Phosphogypsum (PG) is the primary byproduct generated during the production of phosphoric acid, an intermediate product in phosphate fertilizer production, from calcium phosphate (apatite) ore. ... Only As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Pb, Hg, Se and Ag are classified as toxic elements by the United States EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). Their content in ...
Phosphogypsum (PG: CaSO4·2H2O) is a waste product generated by the phosphate industry. ... PG, discharged into the sea, watercourses or in wilderness stocks, contains toxic elements harmful to ...
